{"id":1211,"date":"2020-02-01T18:33:54","date_gmt":"2020-02-01T09:33:54","guid":{"rendered":"\/text\/?page_id=1211"},"modified":"2020-03-18T09:10:54","modified_gmt":"2020-03-18T00:10:54","slug":"polymorphisms-html","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"\/text\/?page_id=1211","title":{"rendered":"Polymorphisms.html"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a name=\"Polymorphisms\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h1 align=\"center\">\u591a\u578b polymorphism<\/h1>\n<hr>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"\/text\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Kimball.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3582\" src=\"\/text\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Kimball.png\" alt=\"Kimball\" width=\"414\" height=\"30\"><\/a><br \/>\n24 April 2014 \u7248\u3092\u7ffb\u8a33\u4e00\u90e8\u6539\u5909<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" align=\"right\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"middle\"><b>\u3053\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u5185\u5bb9<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#Protein_Polymorphisms\">\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u591a\u578b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#Restriction_Fragment_Length_Polymorphisms_(RFLPs)\">\u5236\u9650\u65ad\u7247\u9577\u591a\u578b ( RFLP )<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#SNPs\">\u4e00\u5869\u57fa\u5909\u7570\u591a\u578b ( SNP )<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Polymorphisms.html\" href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#CNPs\">\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u591a\u578b\uff08 CNP \uff09<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#How_are_polymorphisms_useful\">\u591a\u578b\u306f\u3069\u3046\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff1f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#How_do_polymorphisms_arise\">\u591a\u578b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff1f<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#FounderEffect\">\u5275\u59cb\u8005\u52b9\u679c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#GeneticDrift\">\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u6d6e\u52d5<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#NaturalSelection\">\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#BalancedPolymorphism\">\u5e73\u8861\u591a\u578b<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#SexualSelection\">\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e\u3068\u6027\u9078\u629e<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u306e\u751f\u7269\u96c6\u56e3\u306b\u5f62\u614b\u3084\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u5f62\u8cea\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7570\u306a\u3063\u305f 2 \u7a2e\u985e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u304c\u5171\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092<b>\u591a\u578b<\/b>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002\u591a\u578b\u306f\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u5909\u7570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u983b\u5ea6\u306b\u3057\u3066\u7d04 1% \u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u5909\u7570\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b<b>\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u591a\u578b<\/b>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b ( \u30d2\u30c8 ) :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1091#The_ABO_Blood_Groups\">ABO \u5f0f\u8840\u6db2\u578b<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1091#The_Rh_System\">Rh \u56e0\u5b50<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=774#typing\">\u4e3b\u8981\u7d44\u7e54\u9069\u5408\u8907\u5408\u4f53<\/a>&nbsp;(&nbsp;<b>MHC<\/b>&nbsp;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>1%\u306e\u5207\u65ad\u70b9\u3092\u8a2d\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u5358\u4e00\u5bb6\u65cf\u306b\u8d77\u3053\u308a\uff0c\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5b50\u5b6b\u306b\u62e1\u6563\u3059\u308b\u5076\u767a\u7a81\u7136\u5909\u7570\u3092\u9664\u5916\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"Protein_Polymorphisms\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u591a\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u4f8b\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e<b>\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea<\/b>\u7523\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u540c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u8840\u6e05\u5b66<\/b>&nbsp;&#8211; \u3053\u308c\u306f\uff0c\u6297\u4f53\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u7a2e\u3005\u306e\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u6297\u4f53\u304c <b><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1091\">\u8d64\u8840\u7403\u306e\u51dd\u96c6<\/a><\/b>&nbsp;\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li><b>\u96fb\u6c17\u6cf3\u52d5<\/b>&nbsp;&#8211; \u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u4e2d\u306e\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u7d44\u6210\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u6b63\u5473\u306e\u8377\u96fb\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u306f\u3053\u306e\u8377\u96fb\u306e\u9055\u3044\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u96fb\u5834\u3092\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=497#serum\">\u96fb\u6c17\u6cf3\u52d5\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u9175\u7d20\u306f\u591a\u578b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u5ea7\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9175\u7d20\u306b\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5909\u7570\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5909\u7570\u306f\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u306e\u914d\u5217\u304c\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308a\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u96fb\u6c17\u6cf3\u52d5\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306e\u79fb\u52d5\u5ea6\u304c\u9055\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u9175\u7d20\u306e\u57fa\u81a3\u3067\u30b2\u30eb\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u9175\u7d20\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/text\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/McAlpine.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"465\" height=\"213\" align=\"right\"><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"allozymes\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u96fb\u6c17\u6cf3\u52d5\u306e\u4f8b<\/p>\n<p>15 \u5339\u306e\u7dd1\u30a2\u30de\u30ac\u30a8\u30eb (&nbsp;<i>Hyla cinerea<\/i>&nbsp;) \u306e\u7d44\u7e54\u62bd\u51fa\u6db2\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u6cf3\u52d5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u9175\u7d20&nbsp;<b>\u30a2\u30b3\u30cb\u30bf\u30fc\u30bc<\/b>\uff08&nbsp;<a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=486#citric_acid\">\u30af\u30a8\u30f3\u9178\u56de\u8def<\/a>&nbsp;\u306e\u9175\u7d20\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e 1 \u3064 ) \u306e 4 \u3064\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5909\u7570\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u9175\u7d20\u304c\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u901f\u5ea6\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066 4 \u3064\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u304c\u8b58\u5225\u3067\u304d\u308b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fast (&nbsp;<b><i>F<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;)<\/li>\n<li>moderately fast (&nbsp;<b><i>E<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;)<\/li>\n<li>medium (&nbsp;<b><i>M<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;)<\/li>\n<li>slow (&nbsp;<b><i>S<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>8 \u5339\u306e\u30ab\u30a8\u30eb ( #2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 12, \u306a\u3089\u3073\u306b 14 ) \u304c\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50&nbsp;<b><i>M<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;\u306e&nbsp;<a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=297#Genotype\">\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53<\/a>&nbsp;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u30ab\u30a8\u30eb #8 \u306f\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50&nbsp;<b><i>E<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;\u306e\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n<li>3 \u5339\u306e\u30ab\u30a8\u30eb ( #1, 11, 15 ) \u306f\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50&nbsp;<b><i>M<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;\u3068&nbsp;<b><i>S<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;\u306e&nbsp;<a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=297#Genotype\">\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53<\/a>&nbsp;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>2 \u5339\u306f ( #5, 13 )&nbsp;<b><i>M<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;\u3068&nbsp;<b><i>E<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;\u306e\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u30ab\u30a8\u30eb #10 \u306f&nbsp;<b><i>M<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;\u3068&nbsp;<b><i>F<\/i><\/b>&nbsp;\u306e\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u307f\u3089\u308c\u308b\u9175\u7d20\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u6cf3\u52d5\u7684\u5909\u7570\u306f&nbsp;<b>\u30a2\u30ed\u30b6\u30a4\u30e0<\/b>&nbsp;allozymes \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u540c\u3058\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306b\u8d77\u6e90\u3092\u6301\u3061\u306a\u304c\u3089\u7a81\u7136\u5909\u7570\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5869\u57fa\u304c\u7f6e\u63db\u3055\u308c\u9175\u7d20\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u304c\u7121\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u9175\u7d20\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7570\u306a\u308b\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u5ea7\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306b\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3055\u308c\uff0c\u69cb\u9020\u3082\u9055\u3046\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\uff0c\u540c\u3058\u9175\u7d20\u6d3b\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3059 <strong>\u30a2\u30a4\u30bd\u30b6\u30a4\u30e0<\/strong>&nbsp;isozyme \u3068\u306f\u533a\u5225\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"Restriction_Fragment_Length_Polymorphisms_(RFLPs)\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u5236\u9650\u65ad\u7247\u9577\u591a\u578b&nbsp;<small>Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ( RFLP )<\/small><\/h2>\n<p>\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u306f\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u7523\u7269\u306a\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u591a\u578b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u7523\u7269\u306e\u9055\u3044\uff0c\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061&nbsp;\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50<b>DNA<\/b>&nbsp;\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9055\u3044\u3092\u53cd\u6620\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1050\">\u5236\u9650\u9175\u7d20<\/a>&nbsp;\u306b\u3088\u308aDNA \u304c\u5207\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u308b\u90e8\u4f4d\u304c\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5185\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u9593\u3067\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308b\uff08\u3053\u308c\u3092\u591a\u578b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\uff09\u3002\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0DNA\u3092\u5236\u9650\u9175\u7d20\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6d88\u5316\uff08\u5207\u65ad\uff09\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u500b\u4f53\u9593\u306eDNA\u914d\u5217\u306e\u5dee\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3044\u308d\u3044\u308d\u306a\u9577\u3055\u306eDNA\u65ad\u7247\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3092\u96fb\u6c17\u6cf3\u52d5\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1227\">RFLP \u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5225\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3002<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069 <sup>\u6ce8\uff09<\/sup> \u306eRFLP\u306f\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u304c\u4e00\u500b\u5909\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u751f\u3058\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u591a\u3044\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u4e00\u5869\u57fa\u5909\u7570\u591a\u578b\uff08<b>S<\/b>ingle&nbsp;<b>N<\/b>ucleotide&nbsp;<b>P<\/b>olymorphism, SNP \uff09\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><sup>\u6ce8\uff09<\/sup> \uff0c\u6b20\u5931\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308bRFLP\u306e\u4f8b\u3082\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"SNPs\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u5869\u57fa\u5909\u7570\u591a\u578b<small>&nbsp;<b>S<\/b>ingle&nbsp;<b>N<\/b>ucleotide&nbsp;<b>P<\/b>olymorphism ( SNP )<\/small><\/h2>\n<p>DNA \u5869\u57fa\u914d\u5217\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6cd5\u304c\u958b\u767a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u54e1 ( \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u306e\u500b\u4f53 ) \u304b\u3089\u5f97\u305f\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u914d\u5217\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u5909\u7570\u3092\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u914d\u5217\u304c\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306e\u5909\u7570\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3092&nbsp;<b>\u4e00\u5869\u57fa\u5909\u7570\u591a\u578b&nbsp;<\/b>SNP \u3068\u547c\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>SNP<\/b>&nbsp;\u304c\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u975e\u7ffb\u8a33\u9818\u57df\u3067\u5909\u7570\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u7523\u7269\u3067\u306f\u5dee\u304c\u307f\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n<li><b>SNP<\/b>&nbsp;\u304c\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u5236\u9650\u9175\u7d20\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5207\u65ad\u90e8\u4f4d\u306f\u5909\u5316\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\uff0cRFLP \u5206\u6790\u3067\u306f\u5909\u7570\u304c\u691c\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u30022005 \u5e7410\u6708\u73fe\u5728\u3067\uff0c\u30d2\u30c8\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u4e0a\u306b 1,000,000 \u500b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e SNP \u304c\u540c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"CNPs\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u591a\u578b Copy Number Polymorphism (CNP)<\/h2>\n<p>2 \u500d\u4f53\u751f\u7269\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u306b 1 \u3064\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7236\u89aa\u7531\u6765\u3068\u6bcd\u89aa\u7531\u6765\u306e 2 \u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff0c\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\uff0c<a title=\"Mutations.html\" href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1095#insertions\">\u6b20\u640d<\/a>\u3057\u30661 \u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u308a\uff0c<a title=\"Mutations.html\" href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1095#duplications\">\u91cd\u8907<\/a>\u3057\u30663 \u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3082\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff0c\u500b\u4f53\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\uff0c\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u306f\uff0c\u500b\u4f53\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b DNA \u9818\u57df\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092 <strong>\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u5909\u7570<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff08copy number variation\uff0c<strong>CNV<\/strong>\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002<\/p>\n<p>CNV \u306e\u9577\u3055\u306f\u591a\u69d8\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c300 bp \u3068 6 kb \u524d\u5f8c\u306e CNV \u304c\u6700\u3082\u3088\u304f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e73\u5747\u3067\uff0c\u500b\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u5909\u7570\u306711\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3082\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u30671\u500b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u306a\u89e3\u6790\u306f\u3053\u308c\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306eDNA\u306f\u975e\u7ffb\u8a33\u9818\u57df\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b\u304c\uff0c\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u306a\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u9818\u57df\u306e\u3042\u3061\u3053\u3061\u306b\u57cb\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u30c7\u30f3\u30d7\u30f3\u3092\u6d88\u5316\u3059\u308b\u9175\u7d20\u3067\u3042\u308b\u553e\u6db2\u30a2\u30df\u30e9\u30fc\u30bc\u3092\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50&nbsp;<em>AMY1&nbsp;<\/em>\u304c<strong>\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u5909\u7570<\/strong>\u3092\u793a\u3059\u826f\u3044\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30d2\u30c8\u96c6\u56e3\u3092\u9ad8\u30c7\u30f3\u30d7\u30f3\u8272\u96c6\u56e3\u3068\u4f4e\u30c7\u30f3\u30d7\u30f3\u8272\u96c6\u56e3\u306b\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3068\uff0c<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9ad8\u30c7\u30f3\u30d7\u30f3\u96c6\u56e3\uff08\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\uff0c\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u4eba\u3084\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff09\u306f\u5e73\u57477\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50<em>AMY1<\/em>\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f4e\u30c7\u30f3\u30d7\u30f3\u96c6\u56e3\uff08\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\uff0c\u916a\u8fb2\u98df\u54c1\u3084\u9b5a\u3092\u591a\u304f\u63a5\u7a2e\u3059\u308b\u30b7\u30d9\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u904a\u7267\u6c11\uff09\u306f\u3053\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3092<em>\u5e73\u5747<\/em>\u30675\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3082\u3064\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50<em>AMY1 \u306e\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u304c\u591a\u3044\u307b\u3069<\/em><em>\u30a2\u30df\u30e9\u30fc\u30bc\u6d3b\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\uff0c\u76f8\u95a2\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u4eba\u985e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5e38\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4e0a\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u9069\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u5909\u5316\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u306f\u4e0d\u660e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\uff08<\/em>\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u304c2\u672c\u306eX\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4e0a\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u6d3b\u6027\u3092\uff0c1\u672c\u3057\u304b\u3082\u305f\u306a\u3044\u7537\u6027\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u6d3b\u6027\u3068<a title=\"Sex_Chromosomes.html\" href=\"\/text\/?page_id=753#x-inactivation\"><strong>\u91e3\u308a\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f<\/strong><\/a>\u3068\u306f\u5225\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"How_are_polymorphisms_useful\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u591a\u578b\u306f\u3069\u3046\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u591a\u578b\u306e\u5206\u6790\u306f\uff0c\u6b21\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u6709\u7528\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u81d3\u5668\u79fb\u690d\u524d\u306e&nbsp;<a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=774#problems\">\u7d44\u7e54\u9069\u5408\u8a66\u9a13<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u75c5\u539f\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u691c\u7d22 &#8211; \u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u30cf\u30f3\u30c1\u30f3\u30c8\u30f3\u75c5\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e RFLP \u3068\u9023\u9396\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1227#RFLPs\">RFLP \u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\uff0c\n<ul>\n<li>\u96c6\u56e3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u306e\u30ab\u30a8\u30eb\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u3067\u306f\uff0c\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u306e\u30ab\u30a8\u30eb\u306e\u7e41\u6b96\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u30be\u30a6\u30a2\u30b6\u30e9\u30b7\u3084\u30c1\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u591a\u578b\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u3068\u308c\u3089\u306e\u52d5\u7269\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\uff0c\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5168\u304f\u591a\u578b\u3092\u793a\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5224\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\uff3b&nbsp;<a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#GeneticDrift\">\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/a>&nbsp;]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>2 \u3064\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7a2e\u306a\u306e\u304b\u540c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5185\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u7d76\u6ec5\u5371\u967a\u7a2e\u3092\u4fdd\u8b77\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u7a2e\u306e\u79fb\u52d5 ( \u79fb\u4f4f ) \u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u89e3\u6790\u3059\u308b ( \u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u30af\u30b8\u30e9 ) \u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"How_do_polymorphisms_arise\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u591a\u578b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u751f\u3058\u3066\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p><b>\u7a81\u7136\u5909\u7570<\/b>\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u306a\u305c\u96c6\u56e3\u306b\u6b8b\u308b\u306e\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u96c6\u56e3\u5185\u306b\u591a\u578b\u304c\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"FounderEffect\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u5275\u59cb\u8005\u52b9\u679c Founder Effect<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">\u3042\u308b\u96c6\u56e3\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5c11\u6570\u306e\u500b\u4f53\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3082\u5c11\u6570\u3067\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u3089\u304c\u5b50\u5b6b\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u304c\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>1680 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cAriaantje \u3068 Gerrit Jansz \u306f\u30aa\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u304b\u3089\u5357\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u3078\u79fb\u4f4f\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u304c\uff0c\u4ee3\u8b1d\u75c5\u306e 1 \u7a2e<strong>\u30dd\u30eb\u30d5\u30a3\u30ea\u30f3\u75c7<\/strong>\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c30,000 \u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u5357\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u4eba\u304c\u3053\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3092\u3082\u3061\uff0c\u8ffd\u8de1\u691c\u67fb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u4f8b\u304c\u3053\u306e 2 \u4eba\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u5275\u59cb\u8005\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"GeneticDrift\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u6d6e\u52d5&nbsp;Genetic Drift<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306f\u5358\u306b\u5076\u7136\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u51fa\u73fe\u983b\u5ea6\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u308a\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u54e1\u304c\u89aa\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u306f\u9650\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3057\uff0c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u89aa\u304c\u540c\u6570\u306e\u7523\u5b50\u3092\u3082\u3046\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3082\u9650\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u306f\uff0c\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u6d6e\u52d5\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u306f\u3068\u304f\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-style: italic; font-size: 1rem;\">\u96c6\u56e3\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u5834\u5408 ( \u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u7e41\u6b96\u30da\u30a2\u304c <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">100 \u5bfe\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5834\u5408 ) \uff0c<\/span><\/li>\n<li>\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u304c\u4e2d\u7acb\u306e\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\uff0c\u6dd8\u6c70\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6709\u5229\u4e0d\u5229\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5dee\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\uff0c\u96c6\u56e3\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u306b\u306a\u308b\u304b\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u304c\u6d88\u5931\u3059\u308b\u304c\uff0c\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u591a\u578b\u306f\u307f\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u6d6e\u52d5\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u591a\u578b\u304c\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u305f 2 \u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u793a\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5cb8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5317\u6d0b&nbsp;<b>\u30be\u30a6\u30a2\u30b6\u30e9\u30b7<\/b>&nbsp;\u306e\u6355\u7372\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff0c1900 \u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306b\u305d\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u304c 20 \u982d\u306b\u307e\u3067\u6fc0\u6e1b\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6355\u7372\u3092\u7981\u6b62\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u982d\u6570\u306f\u4eca\u65e5\u7d04 100,000 \u982d\u306b\u307e\u3067\u56de\u5fa9\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u52d5\u7269\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u5ea7\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u304c\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9678\u751f\u52d5\u7269\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u6700\u3082\u901f\u3044&nbsp;<b>\u30c1\u30fc\u30bf<\/b>\u306f\uff0c\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u6d6e\u52d5\u306f\u3042\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\uff0c\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u96c6\u56e3\u3067\u9577\u3044\u671f\u9593\u3092\u904e\u3054\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300252 \u500b\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u5ea7\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u691c\u67fb\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u591a\u578b\u3082\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u300252\u500b\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u5ea7\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u304c\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u5909\u7570\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u304a\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u76ae\u819a\u79fb\u690d\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3082 ( \u4e00\u5375\u6027\u53cc\u5b50\u3084\u8fd1\u4ea4\u7cfb\u30de\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b ) \u53d7\u5bb9\u3067\u304d\u308b\u307b\u3069\u6df1\u523b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u907a\u4f1d\u7684\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306a\u3044\u96c6\u56e3\u304c\uff0c\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u9806\u5fdc\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306f\uff0c\u76e3\u8996\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u3066\u3044\u304b\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"NaturalSelection\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e Natural Selection<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u591a\u578b Copy Number Polymorphism<\/h4>\n<p>\u30d2\u30c8\u306e\u96c6\u56e3\u9593\u3067<em>AMY1<\/em>\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u306b\u5909\u7570\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\uff0c\u98df\u4e8b\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u30c7\u30f3\u30d7\u30f3\u542b\u6709\u91cf\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5dee\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e\u5727\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9055\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002&nbsp;[<a title=\"Polymorphisms.html\" href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211#CNPs\">\u524d\u9805\u53c2\u7167<\/a>].<br \/>\n<a name=\"BalancedPolymorphism\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>\u5e73\u8861\u591a\u578b&nbsp;<small>Balanced Polymorphism<\/small><\/h4>\n<p><b>\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30e2\u30b8\u30a6\u30e0<\/b>&nbsp;<i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i>&nbsp;\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30de\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u304c\u767a\u75c7\u3059\u308b\u5730\u57df\uff08\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\uff0c\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u4e00\u90e8 \uff09 \u3067\u306f\uff0c\u938c\u5f62\u8d64\u8840\u7403\u30d8\u30e2\u30b0\u30ed\u30d3\u30f3\u3082\u591a\u304f\u307f\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306f\uff0c\u5b50\u4f9b\u304c\u6b21\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u7d99\u3050\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30d8\u30e2\u30b0\u30ed\u30d3\u30f3\u306e &#8220;\u6b63\u5e38&#8221; \u306a\u30d9\u30fc\u30bf\u9396\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50 1 \u500b\u3068\uff0c<\/li>\n<li>\u938c\u5f62\u8d64\u8840\u7403\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50 1 \u500b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\uff0c\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u306e\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3088\u308a\u751f\u5b58\u306b\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u938c\u5f62\u8d64\u8840\u7403\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3092\u30db\u30e2\u3067\u3082\u3064\u5b50\u4f9b\u306f\u938c\u5f62\u8d64\u8840\u7403\u8ca7\u8840\u3067\u65e9\u6b7b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\uff0c<\/li>\n<li>\u300c\u6b63\u5e38\u300d\u306a\u30d9\u30fc\u30bf\u9396\u3092\u30db\u30e2\u3067\u3082\u3064\u5b50\u4f9b\u306f\uff0c\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u306e\u5b50\u4f9b\u306b\u6bd4\u3079&nbsp;<b>\u71b1\u5e2f\u71b1\u30de\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2<\/b>&nbsp;falciparum malaria \u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u611f\u53d7\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u30de\u30e9\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u5e38\u5728\u5730\u3067\u306f\u938c\u5f62\u8d64\u8840\u7403\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u983b\u5ea6\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1227#case_1\">\u938c\u5f62\u8d64\u8840\u7403\u75c7\u306e DNA \u691c\u67fb\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u304c\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306e\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3088\u308a\u3082\u81ea\u7136\u6dd8\u6c70\u306b\u6709\u5229\u3067\uff0c2 \u500b\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u304c\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u5909\u52d5\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u304e\u308a\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u5171\u5b58\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092&nbsp;<b>\u5e73\u8861\u591a\u578b<\/b>&nbsp;balanced polymorphism \u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u306e\u6642\u306b\u6709\u5bb3\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u304c\u5b58\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"PrionProteins\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\uff1a\u30d7\u30ea\u30aa\u30f3\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea&nbsp;prion proteins<\/h4>\n<p>\u30d7\u30ea\u30aa\u30f3\u86cb\u767d\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u30b3\u30c9\u30f3129\u3068\u30b3\u30c9\u30f3219\u306b\u306f\u6b63\u5e38\u591a\u578b\u304c\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u4eba\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u305d\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u578b\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30b3\u30c9\u30f3129\u306b\u306f<a href=\"\/text\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Cysmet.gif\">\u30e1\u30c1\u30aa\u30cb\u30f3<\/a>(M)\u3068<a href=\"\/text\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Alaval.gif\">\u30d0\u30ea\u30f3<\/a>(V)\u306e\u591a\u578b\u304c\u307f\u3089\u308c\uff0cM\/M\uff0cM\/V\uff0cV\/V\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304b\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u578b\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u304c\u30db\u30e2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u30d7\u30ea\u30aa\u30f3\u75c5\u3078\u306e\u611f\u67d3\u6027\u304c\u5897\u3059\u3002\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408(129M\/V\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f219E\/K)\u306e\u4eba\u306f\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u306e\u4eba\u3088\u308a\u3082\u30d7\u30ea\u30aa\u30f3\u75c5\u306b\u7f79\u308a\u306b\u304f\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>20\u4e16\u7d00\u524d\u534a\u306b\u8d77\u304d\u305f\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u30fc\u75c5\u306e\u7570\u5e38\u767a\u751f\u6642\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u8005\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u306b\u3088\u308a\uff0c76.7\uff05\u304c\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5224\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u306b\u306f\u751f\u5b58\u8005\u3068\u5065\u5e38\u8005\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u983b\u5ea6\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<table border=\"3\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\" width=\"70\">&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" width=\"70\"><em>MM<\/em><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" width=\"70\"><em>MV<\/em><\/td>\n<td align=\"center\" width=\"70\"><em>VV<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">\u751f\u5b58\u8005<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0.133<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0.767<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0.100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\">\u672a\u7d4c\u9a13\u8005\uff08\u5065\u5e38\u8005\uff09<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0.221<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0.514<\/td>\n<td align=\"center\">0.264<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>M\u306f\u30e1\u30c1\u30aa\u30cb\u30f3\u3092\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50;\u3000V\u306f\u30d0\u30ea\u30f3\u3092\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u5065\u5e38\u8005\u306f\u30cf\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30fb\u30ef\u30a4\u30f3\u30d9\u30eb\u30b0\u306e\u5e73\u8861\u306b\u307b\u307c\u9054\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\uff0c\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u30fc\u75c5\u767a\u751f\u5f8c\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u8005\u306e\u65b9\u306f\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5e73\u8861\u304b\u3089\u5916\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u898b\u3066\u53d6\u308c\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n\u3084\u306f\u308a\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3088\u308a\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u304c\u6709\u5229\u306b\u50cd\u3044\u305f\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30b3\u30c9\u30f3219\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u7cfb\u306e\u4eba\u306b\u307f\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30b0\u30eb\u30bf\u30df\u30f3\u9178(E)\u3068\u30ea\u30b8\u30f3(K)\u306e\u591a\u578b\u3067\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3067\u306fE\/E\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u578b\u304c9\u5272\u8fd1\u304f\uff0cE\/K\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u304c1\u5272\u5f37\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u6b27\u7c73\u4eba\u306f\u307b\u307c\u3059\u3079\u3066E\/E\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u3067\u3059\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30b3\u30c9\u30f3129\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u30b3\u30c9\u30f3219\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\uff08129M\/V\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f219E\/K\uff09\u306e\u4eba\u306f\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u306e\u4eba\u3088\u308a\u3082\u30d7\u30ea\u30aa\u30f3\u75c5\u306b\u7f79\u308a\u306b\u304f\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n<a name=\"SexualSelection\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e\u3068\u6027\u9078\u629e Natural vs. Sexual Selection<\/h2>\n<p>\u30d2\u30eb\u30bf\u5cf6\u306f\u30b9\u30b3\u30c3\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5317\u897f\u306e\u6d77\u5cb8\u6c96\u3067\u3001\u5317\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u30ce\u30fc\u30b9\u30fb\u30a6\u30a4\u30b9\u30c8\u5cf6\u306e64km\u897f\u5317\u897f\u306b\u3042\u308b\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u30fb\u30ad\u30eb\u30c0\u7fa4\u5cf6\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1932\u5e74\u306b\u5bb6\u755c\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d2\u30c4\u30b8\uff08<i>Ovis aries\uff09<\/i>&nbsp;107\u982d\u304c\u30bd\u30a2\u30a4\u306e\u8fd1\u96a3\u306e\u5cf6\u304b\u3089\u30d2\u30eb\u30bf\u5cf6\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30d2\u30c4\u30b8\u306f\u91ce\u653e\u3057\u3067\u7e41\u6b96\u3057\u3066\uff0c1985\u5e74\u4ee5\u964d\u306f\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8abf\u67fb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002 \u30d2\u30c4\u30b8\u306f\u6709\u89d2\u3067\u30aa\u30b9\u3067\u306f\u30e1\u30b9\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7af6\u4e89\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89d2\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u306f\u5358\u4e00\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u5ea7 <em>RXFP2<\/em> \u306b\u3042\u308b2\u3064\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\uff0c<em>Ho<sup>+<\/sup><\/em>\u3068<em>Ho<sup>P<\/sup>&nbsp;<\/em>\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u652f\u914d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53&nbsp;<em>Ho<sup>+<\/sup>Ho<sup>+<\/sup> \u306e<\/em>\u30aa\u30b9\u306f\u6700\u3082\u5927\u304d\u306a\u89d2\u3092\u3082\u3061\u3001\u3088\u308a\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5b50\u4f9b\u305f\u3061\u3092\u751f\u307e\u305b\u308b\u304c\u3001\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u304c\u77ed\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53&nbsp;<em>Ho<sup>P<\/sup>Ho<sup>P<\/sup> \u306e<\/em>\u30aa\u30b9\u306f\u3088\u308a\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u89d2\uff08\u7622\u75d5\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u75d5\u8de1\u89d2\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff09\u3092\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30aa\u30b9\u306f\u30e1\u30b9\u3068\u306e\u4ea4\u5c3e\u306e\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306f\u5c11\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u306f\u9577\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53&nbsp;<em>Ho<sup>+<\/sup>Ho<sup>P<\/sup>&nbsp;<\/em>\u306e\u30aa\u30b9\u306f\uff0c <em>Ho<sup>+<\/sup>Ho<sup>+<\/sup><\/em> \u306e\u30aa\u30b9\u3068\u540c\u3058\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306b\u4ea4\u914d\u306e\u6a5f\u4f1a\u3092\u3082\u3061\uff0c<em>Ho<sup>P<\/sup>Ho<sup>P<\/sup>&nbsp;<\/em>\u306e\u30aa\u30b9\u3068\u540c\u3058\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306b\u751f\u5b58\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7d50\u5c40\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\uff0c\u30d8\u30c6\u30ed\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u306f\u3044\u305a\u308c\u306e\u30db\u30e2\u63a5\u5408\u4f53\u3088\u308a\u3082\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u9069\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u591a\u578b\u306e\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u5ea7\u4e0a\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e\u300d\u3068\u751f\u6b96\u306e\u6210\u529f\u7387\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u300c\u6027\u9078\u629e\u300d\u306e\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u9593\u306e\u59a5\u5354\u70b9\u304c\u9078\u3070\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u77e5\u898b\u306f\uff0c Johnston \u3089\uff082013\uff09\uff08Nature\u3000502: 93\uff0d95\uff09\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"\/text\/?page_id=1211\">\u6700\u521d\u306b\u623b\u308b<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr>\n<table border=\"1\" align=\"right\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"middle\"><b>\u30e1\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3078\u623b\u308b<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/#Reproduction\">\u5bb6\u755c\u7e41\u6b96\u5b66<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/#Breeding_and_Genetics\">\u5bb6\u755c\u80b2\u7a2e\u5b66<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/text\/#References\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>March 04, 2020<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333333; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: #ffffff;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u591a\u578b polymorphism 24 April 2014 \u7248\u3092\u7ffb\u8a33\u4e00\u90e8\u6539\u5909 \u3053\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u5185\u5bb9 \u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u591a\u578b \u5236\u9650\u65ad\u7247\u9577\u591a\u578b ( RFLP ) \u4e00\u5869\u57fa\u5909\u7570\u591a\u578b ( SNP ) \u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u6570\u591a\u578b\uff08 CNP \uff09 \u591a\u578b\u306f\u3069\u3046\u5229\u7528 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":183,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1211","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1211","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1211"}],"version-history":[{"count":54,"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1211\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4013,"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1211\/revisions\/4013"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/marimo3take.wafflecell.com\/text\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}